No2. January2006 of AL- Mostakbal, cultural, Intellectual quarterly magazine; has been issued by AL- Mostakbal center for studies and researches in Iraq. At the beginning this number has tackled the relationship between the authority and despotism besides to that knowing the elections results and the future of  the political process within Iraq. This subject has written by Dr. Muta'ab Munaf edition chief. He has reviewed Al- Maurdi ideas especially in his book entitled " the religious states and Authoritarian verdicts" which was concerning with the rule and practicing management the affairs of the state. In Iraq situation currently, the experience has drawn Iraqi projection for rebuilding- state in cooperation with factors as following as : 1- individuals. 2- the society. 3- elites. 4- elections results. 5- quota. 6- sharing.  This number has included many studies and an important subjects such as: First:  the democratic conversion in Arab gulf countries during nineties decade- the causes and defuncts  Prepared by: Wala'a Ali Al- Bahiry. Egyptian  Researcher. This subject has been tackling the conversion towards democracy by explaining much varieties which were forming democratic changes in Arab countries, and another countries. There are internal and external factors have played vital role in this conversion and there was a partnership among of them in many choices such as: 1- the media. 2- the culturalization. 3- the socialization. 4- developing democratic ambition or suppressed it. These factors have formed the present and after that the future- despite of many cases of unencouraging estimates. Arab countries have communications and connects with European countries in the world, and there is a mutual dependency among of them. There are many kinds of factors have played important role such as, personal factors which were linked with absence of charismatic personality. Either  social- economical circumstances and the effects of mobilization process which meant bunch of varieties appeared by increasing industry and promoting the educational levels and the immigration from countryside to the city which has been forming new groups have desire to express themselves institutionally. At the another hands, the article has indicated to the economical factor which effected on economic situation in Kuwait especially in oil- sector and another sector. Kuwait has been witnessed retrogression because of comeback the demands on crude oil. The prices of oil has slumped down, in addition to that climate market crisis effected too much in 1982- Bahrain another country has been witnessed the same crisis, especially at financial sector because of conversions in global economy since 1980, the significant of services banks has diminished, besides to that departure of foreign companies. From the political side, Arab gulf countries have been confronted different forms of problems and political pressures since seventies and eighties decades ago, refusing the rule of totalitarian  regime or monopolizing the authority and the national wealth by specific groups and demanding democracy and political participation. But after second gulf war and its decrepits on the economic, political , and psychological levels so that unsatisfactory feeling has been continuing increasingly especially among you has .some of them had still commitment with mysticism Islamic traditions ,but others have ambitions in order to make justice distributions of wealth . the Majority have asked continuously about legitimacy of political systems . the united states of America called for making political reforms within gulf cooperation council organization for achieving certain objectives and mutual interests by :-  1-accomplishing political and security stability. 2-improving appearances or pretensions of authoritarian systems 3-democracy slogan as an instrument by foreign policy.  Second :-  The unemployment in Iraq-reality and solutions  Wrote by : Dr.abd al-Rasoul Abd jasim. The unemployment problem is very important and we should be able to remedy it at present time in order to achieve the development process and reconstruct Iraqi infrastructure by organic connection ship among developmental methods and public strategy for economic- social development. In the case of Iraq, despite of having natural, economic and agriculture resources before growing in population rates according to certain limits; but we have handicap or disadvantageous within capability of exploiting economic resources for using labor power, so that the unemployment has aggravated too much owing to concentration on armaments and war expenditures during three decades ago, this was conducive for putting basic options to draw developmental policy by guaranteed operating human force to meet demanding needs. The devastating conditions had been perished economic process in Iraq, especially at the beginning of last two decades till situations of war, blockade and occupation. This was direct cause to cease all projections on the economic levels, and some of it had been stopped partially, because of exhaustive raw materials which were within production process. There were many manners to encounter unemployment problem such as: 1- putting objectives pertaining with supplying work force and qualify them. 2- regulating responsible institution in the educational and training process, then preparing plans and programs to pursuit executive rates and it's efficiency. Third: legislatures procedures for fighting corruption with specific indication to rules of Iraqi law  Prepared by: Dr. Nouar Dham . The world bank has defined the corruption as abuse of public function to get special benefit but we should be able to know another consideration pertaining with several forms of corruption and the role of private sector in governmental corruption forms, we should diagnose biggest violations in public duties, besides to that knowing ways of deception, cheat and defalcation. The types of corruption had been searched in details, especially on the top official level and political institutions level, in addition to that précising pervasive ordinary corruption among lower- officials in government. The corruption was leaving a gap and big space by reducing profits rates and diminishing economic development, this was leading us to degrade quality of infrastructure. In addition to that rebating public revenues and distorting elements of public expenditures . all of that may be effected on the Morales or values of society. The solutions would have called for urgent remedies by reduce the tariffs and limiting exchange price or rates at the maximum, and putting conditions or the admissibility of any company, or investors within markets. Many procedures concerning with relinquish of governmental institutions monopolies and interpreting then exposing and simplifying all laws and making administrative procedures are more transparency with good regulation and accuracy for increasing rates of wages and sharing all masses in diagnose the corruption system and strengthen instrument of censorship. Fourth Seminar There are many seminars in this number, some of them dealing with Cairo conference about national accord which it held in 26/11/2005. this seminars have witnessed attending of distinguishing scholars from different specialization. The security situation has been searched in details and indicating its percussion on Iraqi scene, explaining positive and negative sides within hard circumstances. Fifth  Files There are many files in this number such as follows: 1- Iraqi electoral behavior and it's effects on the political process. This subject has been written by Dr.Mota'ab Mounaf. The subject has tackled causes of formation national government and working hardly to rebuild- nation and state by social contract according to constitutional laws, then rebuilding institutional levels. 2- central authority and decentralization . this article has wrote by Hikmat AL- Bakhati . 3- religious side and electoral behavior. Prepared by Dr.Khalil AL-Rubayi .4- the financial, administrative corruption and voting process. Prepared by:Dr. Abdul-AL-Rasoul Abd Jasim. 5- the elections and things are not other. Prepared by: Dr.Amer Hasan Fiyadh .

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